MSc in Interactive Systems Design Dissertation (G64IDS) Handbook

Summer, 2011

[version 1.4; last updated 18/02/11]

Contents


Introduction

All MSc students are required to successfully complete a project as a part of their course, and write this up as a dissertation.  This is a major component of your degree, being worth 60 credits.  The dissertation is a Summer module, but some components do need to be carried out within the Spring term.  Briefly, you should have fixed the topic of your project and found a supervisor by the end of the first week of the Summer term, and the project should be completed early in September. 

This handbook is similar in many places to the handbooks for other MSc courses in Computer Science, but also includes key differences specific to the MSc in Interactive Systems Design.

The formal description of the module provides a certain level of  information - this handbook provides more detail, guidance and further resources. However, if after having read these notes you still have problems then please e-mail Dave Kirk for further guidance.

Deliverables & Dates

Paper deliverables should be submitted to the School Office at the latest by 4pm on the date shown below, unless noted otherwise.  

Staff Presentations

There is a timetable slot for the module during Spring Semester on FRIDAYS at 1pm The following lectures are currently scheduled:
Date Venue Speaker Subject
18th Feb
Exchange-LT2 Dave Kirk Overview (ISD projects)

 


Dissertation Requirements

One of the most commonly asked questions is what type of dissertation is acceptable? This question is addressed in the staff presentation on the 26th Feb.

For Interactive Systems Design the project must deal with a computer-based interactive system (or class of systems) and be "human centred", i.e. rooted in the human perspective. It should  link to and extend on at least some of the material and methods that you have covered in your core module(s). 

This means that your project will comprise one or both of the following:

More information on the marking of the dissertation is given below.

Selected titles, abstracts (and in some cases PDFs) of past dissertations are available for reference: ISD_Dissertations_past.html


Choosing a Topic

It is your responsibility to make every effort to find a suitable topic and a supervisor of the project. This is a major element of your postgraduate study, and you must achieve a pass grade in order to be awarded a degree. It is the supervisor's responsibility to approve the topic and the plan of work.  It is most important that you choose an area you are happy to work in, and in which you are confident of your abilities. However, there are no hard and fast criteria for choosing a project.

Ideally, we would like you to come up with the basic idea, though it is likely to be modified after discussion with a member of staff.  Once you have done so, you should approach a potential supervisor to discuss the details and ask them if they would be willing to supervise it.   Many students find it hard to identify suitable projects, but the following thoughts might help you.

You should consider all of the modules that you have taken so far, and identify the modules and the specific parts of the modules that you found to be the most interesting.  This should give you some ideas about likely subject areas.  Look at the supervisors' ideas pages that are maintained by members of staff, and see what areas look interesting.  Some staff post specific ideas for projects, others post more general areas that are fertile for research.  You might decide to undertake a project which mirrors your interests. You might also want to consider whether a given topic will increase your job opportunities.  You might want to make use of past experience in choosing a subject area - some students undertake projects based on specialist knowledge that they acquired whilst studying for their first degree.

It is an extremely good idea to find a project that interests you, because you will be spending a lot of time on it, and ultimately this will be an important item on your CV!


Supervisors and Dissertation Ideas

For ISD (unlike IT and MIT) you can be supervised by a member of staff from Computer Science or from M3.

Main supervisors and project ideas from Computer Science:

Supervisors from M3 include:

Finding a Supervisor

Most people are supervised by one of the lecturers listed above.  However, you are not restricted to these people - if they are agreeable then, with the agreement of your project module convener, any member of academic staff in the University can supervise you. 

If you approach a potential supervisor other than one on this list then please remember that they are under no obligation to agree to supervise you - so be polite, and accept a no gracefully!  All supervisors on this list have a quota of students - when any individual supervisor has agreed to that quota then you will have to go elsewhere.

It is best to find a supervisor whose own interests are similar to the work involved in your dissertation - that way they will be best placed to advise you based on past experience.  Of course this is not always possible, especially when a member of staff already has a full set of projects, but one of the other staff can supervise your project if necessary.  Before you approach any supervisor then make sure you are aware of their interests (check out their personal web site).

When you approach a potential supervisor you should either have a clear idea of what project that you want to do, or else you should be willing to take on a project in their research area that they suggest.   There is little point in going to someone with a vague idea like "I want to look at e-commerce", because if it is outside their personal area of expertise they probably won't have the in-depth knowledge of the subject area that is needed to refine your idea into a workable project.

If you really can't think of a solid project, then go and talk to a potential supervisor who is expert in an area that you are interested in and ask him or her if they have any specific ideas.

When you have found a supervisor you must get them to have signed up on the database (marks server). If they are in CS they can do this themselves - if they are from another school they need to email Dave Kirk and ask him to do for them. A member of staff will not be your supervisor until this process has been completed.



Project Equipment

If you wish to use school equipment (hardware or software) then you must request the equipment that you will require in advance from TSG using the project equipment request form (which must be signed by yourself and your supervisor).  You can find detailed information, together with lists of available hardware and software on the project equipment request page.

If you wish to use your own equipment, then you can do so providing that you are independent of the School.  School staff cannot support your own personal equipment, and hardware or software purchased for a project can not usually be used outside of the school (there are both good pragmatic and legal reasons for this).   For reasons of Health and Safety regulations, as well as security and support, your own equipment can only be connected to school facilities under limited circumstances (e.g. laptop points in the terminal room - refer to TSG for specific guidance).  Therefore, if you use your own equipment for development work then you must make arrangements to demonstrate it to your supervisor (eg either on a laptop, or by installing it on a School machine).


Dissertation Overview

This section formally describes the dissertation. 
  1. The dissertation in ISD shall be completed by all students following the MSc degree courses (there is no dissertation requirement for the diploma course).

  2. Dissertation projects will be performed individually (with one student and one supervisor).

  3. The dissertation will run for the latter part of the Spring Semester and the Summer period (ie from April/May to September).

  4. The title page shall have the following layout, and each copy should be signed and dated where indicated:


    [Dissertation Title]

     Submitted September 2011, in partial fulfilment of
    the conditions of the award of the degree M.Sc. in Interactive Systems Design

     [Student Name]
    School of Computer Science
    University of Nottingham

     I hereby declare that this dissertation is all my own work, except as indicated in the text:

     Signature ______________________

    Date _____/_____/_____


    I hereby declare that I have all necessary rights and consents to publicly distribute this dissertation
    via the University of Nottingham's e-dissertation archive.*

    Public access to this dissertation is restricted until: DAY / MONTH / YEAR**

    *Only include this sentence if you do have all necessary rights and consents. For example, if you have including photographs or images from the web or from other papers or documents then you need to obtain explicit consent from the original copyright owner. If in doubt, delete this sentence. See Copyright Information for more details.

    **Only include this sentence if there is some reason why your dissertation should not be accessible for some period of time, for example if it contains information which is commercially sensitive or might compromise an Intellectual Property claim. If included, fill in the date from which access should be allowed.

    This shall be followed by a one page Abstract which should precis (summarise) the contents of the Dissertation.

    Beneath the abstract you should list any keywords you think would help someone trying to find your dissertation (e.g. in a web search). Please be careful to enter specific keywords relevant to your dissertation, and don't be too general. We recommend that you include the full version of any acronyms in your title or abstract and also include synonyms or alternate spellings. Seperate words or phrases with commas, e.g.

    Keywords: MRI, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, resonant tunnelling, resonant tunneling



    The next page should give a Table of Contents for the dissertation. Include page numbers throughout the dissertation.

    References shall be collected at the end of the Dissertation and shall be given in a standard journal format as described in the Information Services publication IS2010 - "How to Cite References". Dissertations shall be typeset and printed on a publication quality printer.

    There is a recommended dissertation structure in the Your Dissertation section below.

  5. The Presentations will be scheduled during September 2011, and  will consist of a fifteen minute talk (followed by 2-5 minutes of questions) to which all members of the school (staff and students) are invited.  You are expected to not only give your own presentation, but to attend all of the project presentations in your own session (you may attend others if you wish).  Participation is compulsory, and attendance records will be kept.

  6. Late submission of the dissertation, or failure to give a presentation shall be considered as non-submission. Non-submitted work will be awarded zero.

  7. The supervisor will arrange for you to give a demonstration of any software or hardware systems that have been developed as a part of the research.

  8. Examiners may if they wish require an internal viva voce examination.

  9. All marks shall be subject to the final moderation/approval of the Board of Examiners.

Assessment Criteria and Grades

In the following the term work refers to the total efforts of the students from the start of the proposed area of study to the final submission of the dissertation. The grading of the work is based primarily upon the dissertation. The term dissertation refers to the final written report of the student.

The work is usually assessed using criteria such as: Amount of effort, diligence, initiative and enthusiasm shown; difficulties experienced and extent to which overcome; the extent of self-organisation and ability demonstrated by the students; the effectiveness, quality, and quantity of work produced and the extent to which the objectives of the work were met. The organization and structure of the work; quality of referencing, appendices, figures, programs and any other supporting documentation where relevant Originality, novelty and innovation displayed in the work and reflected in the dissertation. The quality of the dissertation as a source of clear, concise and interesting information.

To give a better indication of how your work will be marked, draft copies of the marking sheets that will be given to the assessors can be found below.

  1. Presentation Mark Sheet
  2. Dissertation Mark Sheet
    (note that this mark sheet may be revised slightly, e.g. to treat the "meetings" mark separately - this is a mark given only by the supervisor for work not directly reflected by the dissertation)

Grades


The following are general characteristics of grades awarded to dissertations by the University.  Due to the fact that your dissertations are 60 credits, and you are not allowed to compensate more than 40 credits - the minimum pass mark is 50%, anything less is a fail.

  1. Exceptional (90-100%) The work and dissertation should exhibit all the characteristics of an Excellent grade. Additionally the dissertation should be publishable without significant reworking or alteration. Any design, study, evaluation, analysis, software and supporting documentation should be of the highest possible quality. The work should display complete and comprehensive originality. In short the work should be reflected in a dissertation of stunning and universally accepted quality!
  2. Outstanding (80-89%) The work and dissertation should exhibit all the characteristics of an Excellent grade. Additionally the results should be publishable in a suitably modified form. The work should exhibit a large degree of independent thought and originality. Technical assistance from the supervisor would have been minimal and the student would have exhibited high levels of self motivation. Any software and supporting documentation should be of the highest possible quality.
  3. Excellent (70-79%)The work should display a complete and thorough understanding of the conceptual and practical issues surrounding the chosen topic. There should be evidence of independent thought in the form of some degree of originality in the presentation and discussions of the material. The dissertation should be well structured with a clear line of argument and the quality of the analysis should be excellent. Design, study and evaluation elements should be comprehensive, rigourous and carefully conducted. Data handling and analysis should be excellent and insightful. Any software should be completed in all respects and exhibit very high quality; there should be evidence of a high degree of testing. Supporting documentation should be complete and approaching the standard of high quality professional documentation.
  4. Good (60-69%) The work should show a good understanding of the conceptual and practical issues surrounding the chosen topic; the arguments should be clearly structured, but there is no specific requirement for any degree of original work. The quality of the analysis and the writing of the dissertation should be good. Design, study and evaluation elements should be competently conducted using recognised methods. Data handling and analysis should careful and accurate and use appropriate methods and measures.Any software should be competently designed using a recognized design method; evidence of testing should be presented. Any software should be a complete and usable package which not only illustrates the principles of the work but also exhibits good levels of quality. Supporting documentation should be excellent for all purposes; it should be complete, well written, well presented and generally exhibit high quality.
  5. Average (pass) (50-59%) The work would be expected to display an adequate understanding of the key conceptual and practical issues, although weakness may be present in some areas. There should be evidence of some attempt to construct an argument around the information available. The analytical content should be average. Design, study and evaluation elements should be adequate to illustrate the core argument; there may be some weaknesses in methodology or conduct.Any software should be adequate to illustrate principles; it may display weakness in areas not central to the work and lack comprehensive testing. Supporting documentation would be well presented yet lack completeness; the quality of the documentation should be very good.   
  6. Borderline Fail (40-49%)The work would display an incomplete understanding of the central issues relating to the chosen topic. The dissertation would lack a clear structure and strong argument and the quality of analysis would be below average. The writing would be at best mediocre. Design, study, evaluation and/or software elements would be poorly designed, incomplete, poorly described and difficult to understand; they would exhibit poor levels of quality. Supporting documentation not be entirely adequate.
  7. Definite Fail (below 40%)The work would display a very poor understanding of the chosen area; there would be no clear structure and the analysis may be very weak or incomplete. The dissertation would be poorly written and presented. Design, study, evaluation and/or software elements would be very limited in capability and scope and depth. Supporting documentation would be inadequate for most purposes.

Your Dissertation

Since all projects are different it is very difficult to make comparisons between the various dissertations. Thus to assess the projects, a set of a set of guidelines has been developed which should help to guide you in the production of your final dissertation.

Before writing your dissertation, be sure to read the section below on copying of other work.

Your dissertation is important!

Your dissertation is a key element of your degree - it is by far the most important deliverable by which you will be judged! You may include a copy of working software on a CD or floppy disk, but no matter how good that is, the dissertation is what will primarily be judged. Remember also that the external examiner may not have the time to look at you working software and they will only be able to judge your project from the dissertation.

It is important to realize that you cannot perform an excellent project, follow it with a poor dissertation and expect to do well. You must remember that others will be involved in the assessment of the project who you have not had weekly meetings with and who do not have access to knowledge not presented in the dissertation. Indeed, in the case of the External Examiner, they will not even know who you are! Thus all they have at their disposal to grade you is the dissertation.

Given this crucial observation you should not leave the writing of your dissertation just to the last few weeks of your project timetable. Also bear in mind that many others will be rushing to produce documentation towards the end of the second semester and that the printing facilities will be at full stretch during the last two or three weeks. The failure of laser printers, machines and the absence of paper at weekends, overnight or indeed at any time during this period will not be a valid excuse for the late delivery of your dissertation. All these occurrences can be guaranteed to occur so you must plan accordingly.

Writing your dissertation

The best dissertations and reports, whether for a third year project, a MSc dissertation, a PhD thesis or even in some commercial applications, usually all follow much the same structure, as described here.

We recommend that you lay out your dissertation in the following way (note points of variation depending on the kind of project you are doing):

  1. Title page: with a signed declaration that the dissertation is your own work
  2. Abstract: giving a short (1 page) overview of the work in your project
  3. Acknowledgements: thanking anyone who has helped you in any way
  4. Table of contents: giving page numbers for all major section headings
  5. Introduction: set the scenes, explain why you are doing this work and what is the problem being solved.  Most importantly you should clearly explain what the aims and objectives of your work are.
  6. Related work: explain what is the current state of the art in your area.  What work have other people done (published or commercial) that is relevant to yours.
  7. Methodology:  explain what methods, tools and technologies have you used. If you have done an experimental study then explain the experimental design. If you have collected data then explain how it is collected and analysed. If you have designed an interface then explain the approach(es), methods and relevant data that you have used.  
  8. Description of the work: explain what exactly have you done.  If you have developed an interface then describe your prototype and the results of its evaluation in detail.  If it is a data-based project, present and explain your data in detail.
  9. Discussion: explain what your work means.  In an interface development project you should evaluate the interface according to your objectives (e.g. usability, performance). In a research project you should interpret your experimental results.  In all cases you should evaluate what you have achieved against the aims and objectives you outlined in the introduction.  
  10. Conclusions: the discussion should always end with a Conclusions section - in which you should briefly explain what conclusions you have come to as a result of doing this work.
  11. References: provide a list of papers, books and other publications that are explicitly referred to in the text.  These should be  in a standard journal format as described in the Information Services publication IS2010 - "How to Cite References". 
  12. Appendices: Supplementary material should be included in appendices - these are optional, but they might contain:

Where the appendices are long (e.g. code listings) do not print them out, rather provide them on a CD.


Dissertation size

The only requirement is that the dissertation should not exceed the prescribed number of words (see the module catalogue: currently 15,000 words for ISD). The reason for this is to stop the presentation of unstructured and verbose dissertations which are generally repetitive. If you can present all your work clearly in 5,000 words or less then that is fine. However, think carefully about the examiners who have never met you and might not know the application area you are describing. You may know your work backwards, and perhaps your supervisor might have a good idea about what the project involved, but what about some other casual IT literate reader? It is all too easy to assume that everyone else knows what you did whereas in fact they have no idea at all! Poor dissertations are generally notable for what is omitted rather than what has been included.

One final question concerns the inclusion of Appendices. Appendices are excluded from the total word count. It is unlikely that an Appendix will be read in detail by an examiner. The aim of an Appendix is to act as a supporting reference to the main body of the dissertation. Thus you might state in the main dissertation that "A complete and detailed User Manual was produced (see Appendix E)". Appendix E would contain the User Manual. This allows any casual reader to access the User Manual easily to verify the truth of the statement.

Copying - quoting or plagiarism?

One thing that is absolutely not allowable is copying of text or code from any source at all and passing it off as your own work. This is called plagiarism and will at the minimum result in you being awarded zero marks for that component of the work, and may result in expulsion from the University without a degree being awarded.

If you want to include a very small amount of text in your dissertation by quoting someone who has written or said something relevant to your work, then you are permitted to include this small amount of text, but you must indicate very clearly which past of the text is copied, the name of the author(s) and where it comes from, and you must italicize the quoted text and delimit it with quotation marks.  Under no circumstances should quotations comprise more than a very small fraction of the submitted work.

You should also be aware of copyright law - it is illegal to duplicate substantial amounts of text (with or without indication) unless you have the explicit permission of the copyright owner.

Exactly the same goes for copying code or images - you can easily breach both copyright law and University regulations on plagiarism.

Staff can easily detect copied work because usually there are changes in the quality of the work, the written expression, syntax and so on all make it obvious that some parts of the work are not by the claimed student author.

In summary - do not copy text, code or anything else and attempt to pass it off as your own work. For example, never succumb to the temptation to cut & paste text or images from the web into your dissertation.  This is plagiarism, it is ILLEGAL as it preaches copyright, and it is CHEATING as it breaches University regulations.  It is regarded as a very serious offence and is punishable when caught, and an especially dim view of plagiarism is taken when it occurs in dissertations.

For a tutorial on plagiarism see here.


Archival and Publication

In the past dissertations gaining a distinction mark have been lodged in the library for reference. As of 2008 we are making such dissertations available publicly through the University of Nottingham's e-dissertation archive

This can only be done if you have all necessary rights and consents to make your dissertation publicly available. For example, if you have included photographs or images from the web or from other papers or documents that are subject to copyright (and most are) then you need to obtain explicit consent from the original copyright owner. See Copyright Information for more details. If you have included such material in your dissertation without specific consent under an expectation of "educational fair use" or similar then your dissertation cannot be considered for the archive. In this case please do NOT include the declaration about consents in your dissertation cover page.

Similarly, if there is some reason why your dissertation should not be accessible for some period of time, for example if it contains information which is commercially sensitive or might compromise an Intellectual Property claim then please include the corresponding declaration on the dissertation cover page - we can then ensure that it is not released on the e-dissertation archive until after that date. 

Please also note that we will not be able to consider your dissertation for the archive if the PDF that you submit is corrupt or incomplete. You should make every effort to ensure that this is not the case, as some supervisors may be intending to mark the electronic version of your dissertation!


The Presentation

As an integral part of your project you will be required to give a presentation. This will take place in a seminar room or lecture theatre, and you will have access to a data projector and a PC with MS Office installed.  You are strongly advised to use MS PowerPoint for your presentations, although an overhead projector, witheboard and VCR will also be available should you want to make use of them.  You may use your own self-powered laptops, providing that it has a VGA output to connect to the VGA input of the data project and provided that you know how to force the laptop to send a signal to this output!  This is usually a proprietary keystroke, and you cannot expect School staff to spend time working out what this is!  Details about available technical facilities are provided on the TSG Project Presentation Page.

It will also be necessary for you to attend and grade the presentations of students in the same session as yours. You will be asked to give grades for the presentations of other students. These grades will be taken into consideration when making up the final mark for the project. Your attendance at these other presentations to grade other students will also be taken into consideration when making up the final grade for your project.

Plan to speak for fifteen minutes and allow five minutes for questions. The chair of the session will impose strict timekeeping. Do not go over the fifteen minute time limit.

Some helpful notes on giving presentations are given in CS Presentation Guide for third year individual projects - this is also highly relevant to M.Sc. students. 


Dave Kirk, based on prior versions from Chris Greenhalgh, Tim Brailsford, Gary Burnett, and many others